Rule of law was not known to ancient and medieval India. The king was the fountain head of justice and the protector of all laws.

The concept of ombudsman originated in 1809 with the official inauguration of the institution of Ombudsman in Sweden.

A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a petition that can be filed by any member of the public for any matter of public interest, for redress of public wrong or injury.

Administrative law encompasses laws and legal principles governing the administration and regulation of government agencies.